Wall Ovens: RBG-94, RBG-97, RBE-94, RBE-97
30" Ranges: RB-530, RBG-533, RBE-533, RBEG-539C.

R-530, RG-533, RE-537, REG-539C, RB-131, RB-133, RB-137C, RG-94, RE-94, RG-97, RE-97

RE-636VG, REG-638VG, REG-639CVG, REM-638VG, REM639CVG

30" Ranges: RSA-30N, RS-30N, RS-35N, RD-35N, RDG-38N, RCDG-39N, RE-30N, RSAE-30N, RSE-36N, RDE-38N, RCDE-39N, RCIE-39N, RXE-39N

40" Ranges: RS-10N, RD-20N, RDDG-20N, RCDG-71N, RSE-15N, RDE-20N, RCIE-75N

24" Ranges: RAN-4, RAH-4

D-100N, D-116N, FD123TN, FD-141TN, FCDM-148N, FPD-121TN, FPD-146TN, FPD-146TAN, FPD-166TN, FPD-166TAN, FPD-144BN

Basic Food Preservation,
Fundamentals of Refrigeration,
Systems and Components

1953 Models:
AS-44, AS-44F, AS-61, AS-83, AS-76, SS-77, DS-90, OS-106, IS-106, IS-106P, IS-108, IS-108P, MS-86, MS-90, SS-72, SS-74, SS-86, SS-86P, SS-97, SS-114

1954 Models:
AT-44, AT-61, CT-70, CT-701, CT-702,CTD-84, CTD-84P, CTD-841, CTD-841P, CTD-842, CTD-842P, CTD-103, CTD-1031, CTD-1032, CTD-103S, CTI-103, CTI-103P, CTI-1031, CTI-1031P, CTI-1032, CTI-1032P, CTI-130, CTI-130P, CTI-1301, CTI-1301P, CTI-1302, CTI-1302P, CTI-150, CTI-150P, CTI-1501, CTI-1501P, CTI-1502, CTI-1502P, ST-76, ST-761, ST-762, STD-76, STD-761, STD-762, STD-91, STD-91P, STD-911, STD-911P, STD-912, STD-912P, STD-110, STD-1101, STD-1102

1955 Models:
AY-44, AY-61, CDV-84, CDV-103, CDV-103P, CDV-1031, CDV-1031P, CDV-1032, CDV-1032P, CDV-103S, CDV-112S, CIV-84, CIV-84P, CIV-841, CIV-842, CIV-841P, CIV-842P, CIV-1121P, CIY-1122P, CIV-112, CIV-112P, CIV-1121, CIV-1122, CIV-115, CIV-115P, CIV-1151, CIV-1152, CIV-1151P, CIV-1152P, CIV-1501P, CIV-1502P, CIV-143, CIV-143P, CIV-1431, CIV-1431P, CIV-1432, CIV-1432P, CIV-150, CIV-150P, CIV-1501, CIV-1502, SV-76, SDV-76, SV-76S, SDV-91, SDV-91P, SDV-911, SDV-912, SDV-110, SDV-91S, SDV-911P, SDV-912P, SDV-91PS

1956 Models:
A-44-56, A-61-56, CP-120-56, PCP-120-56, CP-143-56, PCP-143-56, FD-95-56, PFD-120-56, FD-120-56F0-95-56, FD-120-56, FDS-120-56, FDS-121-56, FI-121, PFI-121-56, FIW-150, S-80-56, S-80-56, SA-80-56, SS-80-56, SS-80-56, SAW-81, SSW-81, SA-80-56, SS-80-56, SAW-81, SSW-81, S-101-56, PS-101-56, S-121-56, SS-101-56

1957 & 1958 Models:
CP-123-57, CP-141-57, CP-125-58, CP-144-58, CP-123-57, CP-141-57, CP-125-58, CP-144-58, PGP-141-57, PCP-144-58, D-11S-58, FD-101-57, FD-102-57, FD-120-57, FD-120-57, PFD-120, FD-122-58, FD-122-58, FI-120-57, FI-123-58, FI-120-57, FI-123-58, PFI-120-57, PFI-123-58, FI-121-57, FI-122-58, FI-121-57, FI-122-58, PFI-122-58, FP-142-58, FP-142-58, FS-101-57, FD-104-58, FD-104-58, PFS-101-57, PFD-104-58, S-80-57, SA-81-57, S-8-58, SA-8-58, S-80-57, SA-81-57, SS-81-57, S-8-58, SA-8-58, SS-8-58, SS-81-57, SS-8-58, S-104-57, S-124-57, D-11-58, D-13-58, S-104-57, S-124-57, D-11-58, D-13-58, PD-11-58

Having the manufacturers part number for the part you need is essential for doing internet/eBay searches to locate these rare, no longer available parts. In many circumstances they can be found once you know the part number. This guide is essential for anyone who has any vintage Frigidaire appliance.

S-10J, D-10J, D-12J, D-14J, FD-12TJ, FDA-13TJ, FD-13TJ, FD-14BJ, FCDM-14J, FPD-12TJ, FPDA-14TJ, FPD-14TJ, FPDA-14BJ, FPD-14BJ, FPD-16BJ, FPD-19BJ, FPI-12TJ, FPI-14TJ, FPI-14BJ, FPI-16BJ, FPI-19BJ, FPI-16BAJ.

S-10K,D-10K, D-12K, D-14L, FDA-12TK, FDA-13TK, FD-13TK, FDA-14BK, FCDM-14K, FPDA-14-12TK, FPDA-14TK

Construction and Operation
Installing
Servicing
The Business of Service
Washing Practice
Parts Catalog

Models: S-101, B-201, S-110, B-210, B-215, B-211, B-212

Please note there is some relatively minor water staining on these brochures, but they were cool/rare enough to post anyway.

Editorial: The Fourth of July

New Switchgear Laboratory Goes into Operation
Late last month on the flatlands of southwest Philadelphia, GE’s new high-capacity switchgear development laboratory was officially dedicated. With Company spokesmen looking ahead to an annual U.S. power consumption of possibly a trillion kw-hrs by 1965—more than triple the amount now being used—the new laboratory will aid in the development of switch- gear of higher ratings to keep pace with this phenomenal growth. continued…

Engineering the Automatic Washer
The automatic clothes washer is a simple device—to the housewife. She throws in the laundry, sets a control dial, and goes about her telephoning. A short time later she removes the laundry—washed and damp-dried.

Simply stated, the function of a domestic washing machine is to get the laundry clean, rinse out the detergent, and extract most of the water. For a third of the century these operations were performed with a machine in which the laundry was manually lifted from the tub and fed through a water- extraction device. Most of these devices were wringers, powered by the washing- machine motor. A limited number were the centrifugal-extraction type using the same or a separate tub. continued…

Stopping Ships
Even with modern navigating and communication aids there are times when things get out of hand and a collision ol ships appears imminent. The need for meeting this situation—rare though it may he—has an influence on the design of ships’ power plants.

Most large and fast ships are powered bv a steam turbine that drives the propeller through suitable gearing and shafting. The astern power that is used for stopping a ship is provided by a comparatively small separate section of the main turbine. The question immediately arises as to why the astern element can’t be given the same power as the ahead element. Well, it can. The simplest arrangement would he another turbine of the same size geared to drive the propeller backwards. continued…

Ferromagnetography
Contrary to general belief printing did not originate with Gutenberg; to the ancient Chinese belongs the credit. They made engravings—used mainly for printing on silk cloth—by carving figures out of wooden blocks. Later, around 1120 BC. they introduced wooden blocks of movable type.

Modern printing, on the other hand, began in the middle ages—about the year 1423. It was during this period that Johann Gutenberg, a German stonemason, had the idea of printing with movable type. So he set about his skill, cutting alphabets out of small wooden blocks to be used for typesetting. A friend advised him to use metal instead of wood, since it wouldn’t wear out so easily. This he did. As you can imagine, this task required many years and a large expenditure of money. He financed his operations by borrowing money on the type he’d already completed. Then, to prove to his creditors and the many cynics the worth of his efforts, he completely reproduced the Bible in print. continued…

Cool Breezes — Story of the Electric Fan
Fans preceded written history by many centuries. Some of the most ancient known fans were those of the Chinese dating back to 3000 BC. And ceremonial fans were used in 1700 BC by the reigning monarchs of Egypt and Assyria. Some thousand years later the "punkah" —a hand-swung lightweight ceiling-suspended fan—was introduced in India, and even today is still in use there.

From exquisitely made folding tans of the Japanese, followed by 17th century Paris creations of surpassing beauty, we come to the practical palm-leaf type and simpler folding fans of grandmother’s day.

It’s not possible to give the exact age of the electric fan—the youngest member of the ancient family of fans. But the earliest record of a U.S. patent awarded for an electric fan was in 1854. This was a ceiling-suspended assembly of several large fan blades, each hinged along one edge to a horizontal rotating arm driven by a battery-operated motor. Arms on the blades struck projections causing the blades to vibrate and thus agitate the air. continued…

Longer Life for Dry-type Transformers
Improvements in dry-type power transformers and their insulations is a good example of how electrical engineers are continually making progress in lengthening the life span of electric equipment and increasing its endurance to higher temperatures.

For many years insulations known as Class A were about the only ones available to the transformer designer. These insulations consisted of materials such as cotton, silk, or paper—impregnated with organic varnishes to give them additional mechanical and electrical strength. They were used in a medium of mineral oil or air. Such insulations were relatively inexpensive but a maximum allowable temperature limit of 105 C was necessary for reasonable life. continued…

The G10 Germanium Rectifier
In 1886 a German chemist by the name of Alexander Winkler found an unknown metal sulfide and isolated the element which he called germanium. It has a shiny metallic appearance, is extremely hard and brittle, and is recovered as a by-product in the smelting and refining of zinc ores.

Because germanium falls into group four of the periodic table, it has some of the chemical characteristics of the elements on either side of it. Germanium is both an electrical conductor and an electrical insulator, depending on its temperature, and is classed as a semiconductor. continued…

Nylon for Bearings and Gears
Although nylon is generally associated with such decorative items as stockings and sweaters, we have found that its versatility extends well into the fields of bearings, gears, and other workaday applications.
Nylon is tough at low7 temperatures, is resistant to abrasion, has strength in thin sections, is light in weight, has certain self-lubricating qualities, and is resistant to many chemicals. Properties are given in the table on the opposite page. Exact characteristics and specifications can be found in the literature put out by the manufacturers of nylon molding powders.

Bearing Tests - Of interest to design engineers is published data that shows the effect of wear on nylon when used as a bearing material. Results of tests using nylon against nylon, steel, and brass under various loads and speeds, and with various lubricants, are given on page 35. As you may suspect, the lowest rates of wear are found when nylon is run against nylon in a dry condition, as well as when nylon is run against steel lubricated with SAE 10 oil. When nylon is rubbed against brass, the metal flakes off and contaminates the hearing surface. continued…

The Unit Cost of Light
There’s more to figuring the cost of a lighting system than adding up the prices of fixtures, installation, and electricity. A tabulation of over-all annual costs that the customer may expect to pay appeals to the businessman, because it is expressed in his own language. Rut further analytical cost studies of operating and maintenance methods and lamp efficiencies may show you the way to worth-while savings or better lighting for the same expenditure.

To help you along this economic pathway a relatively simple formula has been devised. It is referred to as the "unit cost of light” method. In its most flexible form it deals with the raw light as generated by the lamps in just one fixture. Then, once the unit cost of light in dollars per million lumen hours is known, you can easily apply it to a specific installation if over-all costs are also desired. continued…

Added Kick for Turbojet Engines
Getting an 80-ton airplane into the air in a matter of seconds is no easy job. The problem is one of providing more than normal maximum thrust or "kick” at take-off. In the case of B-45 and B-47 jet bombers, their power plants (J-47 turbojet engines—one is shown on the adjacent page) were equipped with combustion-chamber water-alcohol injection systems for augmenting thrust.

Variations of these systems boost the take-off thrust from 15 to 25 percent or higher. As a result, heavy jet-powered aircraft can take off from minimum- length runways with maximum safety. continued…

Are We Ready for Railroad Electrification in the U. S.? .
Admittedly, widespread electrification in I lie United States is not just around the corner. Rut there is an element in the cost of railroad electrification and in the success of operation through the ensuing years that can not be settled too soon. This all-important factor is standardization. And standardization is so important primarily because it permits repetitive manufacture. Standardization, of course, offers other advantages that may be more familiar, but every day brings new evidence that a custom-designed article built in a job shop cannot compete with a highly engineered item produced under conditions of repetitive manufacture.

It is time for all who may have a hand in railroad electrification in the United States to start sifting out the alternatives and to find agreement on what may be the standard system of electrification in this country. Let us speak briefly about the prospects of electrification and [hen expand the theme of standardization. continued…

A Brightening Outlook - When will we see railroad electrification resumed in the United States? The answer depends largely on costs, with the cost of fuel or energy being a big part of the expense of locomotive operation.

When we compare the cost of diesel fuel with the cost of purchased electric power at the figures current today, we find them roughly equivalent. We are speaking, of course, of gallons of fuel oil or kilowatt-hours of electricity at the locomotive. As long as power costs in these two forms are even approximately equal, it is obvious that the diesel- electric locomotive with its lower investment is the correct answer for new installations. At the same time this approximate equality tells us that extensive electrified systems already installed should continue to be operated. continued…

New Safeguard for Protective Coatings
You can best define a plastics material as a synthetic organic substance. At some stage of production it’s plastic— capable of being shaped; or liquid— capable of being cast. Furthermore, it’s either thermoplastic or thermosetting. If thermoplastic, it softens under heat and can he remolded. If thermosetting, it sets under heat and can’t be remolded.

Phenolic materials are thermosetting plastics. And from practically the outset of the industry they’ve enjoyed an ever- expanding market. They take many and various forms. Probably the most familiar to you are radio cabinets, telephone handsets, buttons, tube bases, mechanical parts, and so on. continued…

Dollar-sign Engineering
The photo sequence beginning on the next page will show you how a value analyst operates—step by step—on a typical project. Here, it’s the timer for the automatic clothes washer. Because space doesn't permit us to show the results of the analysis on every part of the timer, we have selected one part as being typical. (In the actual project more than 30 individual parts of the timer were analyzed for value.)

It should be emphasized that nothing was wrong with the timer when we approached the Value Analysis Unit and requested a survey. The timer operated satisfactorily and costs were in line with similar products. But. as is the case with far-sighted management, they wanted to see if it wasn’t possible to further eliminate any unnecessary costs. continued…

Moisture vs Rubber Insulation
Although rubber compounds are used to waterproof such everyday items as overshoes, raincoats, and garden hoses, rubber compounds in general can’t be considered waterproof when used as an insulation for wire and cable.

What works on raincoats may not work on cables—the basic differences are: length of exposure; effect of moisture on the electrical properties. Cables insulated with rubber compounds must withstand years of continual exposure with a consequent absorption of moisture. And moisture absorption has proved to be a contributing factor in cable failures. continued…

October 1952 Issue
25th Anniversary Issue

PART 1- THE PAST as recorded by ELECTRICAL DEALER
The Product Story- 20 page pictorial review of the history and significant developments in Appliances: Washers, Dryers, Ironers, Hot Water Heaters, Ranges, Refrigerators, Dishwashers, Vacuum Cleaners, Fans, Air Conditioners, Food Mixers, Housewares, Sewing Machines, Electric Blankets, Clocks, Electric Kitchens, Irons, Toasters, Radios, Television. For the Automatic Washer, they show the invoice of the very first sale of the Bendix in 1937!

The Dealer Story--Pioneers in retailing electrical appliances
The Salesman's Story- A new business was launched by specialists
The Distributor Story--The backbone of modern marketing
The Advertising Story-History of Appliance Advertising
The Time Payment Story- Financing plans make mass selling possible
The ELECTRICAL DEALER STORY-History of a growing magazine
Looking Back-Promotion ideas from the early days

PART II- THE PRESENT as a milestone of industry progress
The Fifth Freedom-A report to consumers on electrical living
There's Always Room At The Top- Little known facts about men in the news

PART Ill- THE FUTURE as viewed by marketing and advertising experts
The Presidents' Forum-Industry executives predictions
Marketing And Advertising Forum-The five -year outlook
Can These Be Tomorrow's "Growth Appliances"- A designer's conception
From Cubby Holes To Showrooms- Appliance centers go modern

Great full page ads including:

Laundry Equipment:
ABC-O-Matic Automatic Washer
Speed Queen Dryer and Wringer Washer
Laundry Queen "Truly" Automatic Washer
Bendix Washer and Dryer
Apex Automatic Washer and Dishwasher
Tide's Frigidiare Washer Promotion
Dexter Wringer Washers
Woman's Friend Wringer Washers
Whirlpool Washer and Dryer showing both St. Joseph and Clyde Plants
Thor Automatic and Semi-Automatic Washers
Easy Spindrier Washers and Easy Wringer
Hamilton Dryers

Dishwashers:
American Kitchens Dishwasher
Crosley Dishwasher

Vacuum Cleaners:
Royal
Lewyt
Hoover
Apex Strato-Cleaner
Cadallic
Universal Jet-99
Eureka

Sections include: Installation, Specifications, Major Assemblies, Service Procedures, Wiring Diagrams, Troubleshooting, Supplement model information.

10LW40, 10LW43, 10LW44, 10LWS44, 10LW45, 10LWW45

• Grape-Nuts improves its product — by leaving out a few very modern ingredients


• Refrigerator-freezer combinations
  Nine frost-free and conventional models are included in this report. Brands tested: Amana Free-O-Frost, Frigidaire, General Electric, Kelvinator Foodarama, Leonard, Norge, Philco, Sears Coldspot.
  
  Both refrigerators and refrigerator-freezers have full-width freezer compartments, and on this account most people do not realize there is a vitally important difference between the two types of appliance. If you contemplate buying, be sure you have a clear idea of the difference between the refrigerator and the refrigerator-freezer, for if you buy a refrigerator when what you really need is a refrigerator-freezer, the results can be very disappointing.
  
  Some manufacturers have done little to eliminate this confusion or adopt clear standards of nomenclature. Indeed, some refer to both types of appliance as refrigerators; others designate some of their combination appliances as having “zero degree” freezers or “true freezers.” The following definitions should help to dispel some of the confusion which exists in consumers’ minds. continued...


• The new Comet automobile
  Someone has suggested that the Comet may be the car for those who cannot decide between a full-size car and the compact models, as represented by Corvair, Falcon, Valiant, Rambler American, and Studebaker Lark. Actually the interior of the Comet is larger than the Falcon only in the trunk space, for both cars have the same passenger space dimensions and the same engines. Exteriorly, however, the Comet is bigger; it has a 4½-inch longer wheelbase, is 14 inches longer overall, and is about 115 pounds heavier than the Falcon. The Comet has dual headlamps while those on the Falcon are the older style single headlamps, which in CR’s opinion are preferable. continued...


• Hedge trimmers
  Reports and ratings of 9 popular brands of hedge trimmers and 2 hedge trimming attachments. Brands tested: Black & Decker, Craftsman, Disston Dragon, Hedgemaster, Hedgshear, Little Wonder, Skil, Sunbeam, Trimmer Boy
  
  Trimming hedges and shrubbery with a pair of hand-operated hedge shears is a tiresome and time-consuming task. Electric-motor-operated trimmers make light work of the hedge-trimming chore. Even a novice, with a little practice, can turn out a well-trimmed hedge in a fraction of the time—and likewise a fraction of the muscle-weariness—required for hand trimming. There is a certain amount of hazard in using a hedge trimmer, as there is with nearly all power tools, but there is a greater hazard with hedge trimmers than some other tools, because there is no way in which the cutting blades can be guarded. continued...


• Bargains from abroad
  It is not necessary to take a trip abroad in order to buy foreign bargains. This article tells how you can buy by mail. One of the joys of taking a trip is buying unusual items, or bargains, which can be brought back and displayed as souvenirs or mementos of the happy journey. Many people are not aware that it is also possible to get items from abroad by mail order, not quite so easily as they could buy something from Sears, perhaps, but with no great difficulty either. continued...


• What pool owners should know
  Safety rules for homeowners with back yard pools


• Portable electronic flash units
  A report on six of the new models - Brands tested: FR-150, Futuramic Strobonar, Metz Mecablitz, Multiblitz Color SL, Strobomite, Ultrablitz Monojet
  
  The development of the transistor and the new miniaturization techniques of the electronic industry have been put to good use in the design of the new portable electronic flash guns. Not too many years ago, the electronic flash or “strobe” unit was a bulky and heavy accessory and therefore unwieldy for the amateur photographer to carry and use. The “strobe” units were expensive to buy, and battery costs were high. By contrast, the six flash units discussed in the present article were all reasonably light, relatively inexpensive, and compact, and batteries were relatively low in price. continued...
  


• The problem of fallout from nuclear tests
  Consumers’ Research presents the informed opinion of a distinguished physicist in the field of nuclear energy on the vital question of fallout and its dangers. On the topic of nuclear fallout and its dangers, there is a welter of conflicting opinions, and it is most unfortunate that the views expressed often represent publicity-seeking attempts by zealots who have an ax to grind. When scientists seem to disagree on questions of such a fundamental nature, the lay public is not to be blamed for finding itself puzzled and confused, and ready to question, perhaps, the honesty and competence of the scientists concerned. continued...
  


• Tight watch bands can impair function of nerves of the hand
  A recent item in The New England Journal of Medicine reports damage to the nerves of a part of one hand which caused numbness of the thumb and the area at its base. Increase in the area of numbness finally caused the patient to resort to medical advice. No cause for the trouble was found, and during the next two months the normal lack of sensation extended to involve the index finger. continued...


• What’s in a name?
  The product may change and change and change again, but the old name goes on and on - The makers of Cafotan tablets, one of the patent medicines mentioned in our article on “ Painkillers and ‘cold remedies’ ” in the October 1959 Bulletin, have written to Consumers’ Research to say that the Cafotan made today differs in composition from the product which we discussed. As a matter of fact, says Premo Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Inc., the maker, there have been two changes in formulation since the tablets we examined were made.
  
  Originally Cafotan contained aspirin, phenacetin, caffeine, and quinine sulfate. Although the maker claims that this formulation was discontinued well over 10 years ago, during World War II, this 4-ingredient Cafotan is the kind that Consumers’ Research obtained when we recently acquired samples of various drugs from the current stock of a busy retail drug store. During World War II, according to the maker, quinine sulfate was eliminated from the formula, leaving Cafotan for the time being as a straight “APC” tablet—aspirin, phenacetin, caffeine—not essentially different from dozens of other APC preparations. Then in 1958, Premo made yet another change, substituting sali-cylamide for aspirin. continued...


• Garden hose—plastic or rubber composition?
  Plastic garden hose is much lighter in weight and more convenient to handle than rubber hose, use of which is now limited mainly to industrial purposes. Consumers’ Research has had several different brands and types of plastic hose in use and allowed them to be exposed to the elements all the year round for some years. Our observation has been that plastic hose is on the whole very satisfactory and has great advantages, particularly for a woman, in its lightness. As there are many brands on the market that are guaranteed for periods up to 12 years, there seems to be no point in attempting to differentiate between the specific brands of makes that carry a guarantee. continued...


• Devices sold for draining flooded basements
  Two electric-powered pumps and a gadget which uses water power to move waterWant to pump water up to a height of 6 feet at the rate of 300 gallons per hour—without an electric motor or gas engine? Advertisements for the Speedy Drainer seemed to promise such results, but actual performance in tests at Consumers’ Research was much less impressive. continued...


• Concluding test findings on the new outboard motors

Regular Features Include:

• The Consumers’ Observation Post


• Editorial: Are home furnishings advertisers missing the boat?
  Dependability in a household appliance is what women want most. At least that is the view of B. A. Chapman, executive vice president of American Motors Corp., and general manager of the Kelvinator Division. If Mr. Chapman is correct in his analysis, there are a lot of home furnishings advertisers who are throwing away large sums on full pages in what are called the “home shelter” magazines. As a matter of fact, that is just what the foremost trade paper in the field thinks is happening. Reporting an analysis of the full-page advertisements in the April issues of House & Garden, Better Homes & Gardens, and Living, Louis Goodenough noted that something like one third of the ads showed people in formal or semi-formal evening clothes, and commented that in this country we don’t dress for dinner as the British often do. “It’s about time,” he said, that we “have a return to home furnishings that do something for today’s consumer.” continued...
  
  
• Brief cumulative index


• Listings of Current Phonograph Records


• Ratings of Current Motion Pictures

Use and Care of your Refrigerator, Specifications, Servicing, Electrical Testing, Unit Operation, Controls and Wiring Diagrams.

Models include:
9EA8, 9EB8, 9EB11, 9EB12, 9EG11, 9EN12, 9ET12, 9EY12.

Wall Ovens: RBG-94, RBG-97, RBE-94, RBE-97
30" Ranges: RB-530, RBG-533, RBE-533, RBEG-539C.